Famous Jewish Commentators (Rashi, Rambam, etc.)

Why Commentary Matters

The Torah and Talmud are deep texts, often written in brief or poetic language. Jewish commentators over the centuries have helped explain, clarify, and expand on these texts, making them accessible to each generation.

Rashi – The Master of Clarity

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (1040–1105), known as Rashi, is the most famous Torah and Talmud commentator. His explanations are usually the first ones studied, as he focuses on the straightforward meaning and brings in Midrash where helpful.

Rambam – The Systematic Thinker

Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon (1135–1204), known as the Rambam or Maimonides, wrote the Mishneh Torah, a comprehensive code of Jewish law, and the philosophical work “Guide for the Perplexed.” His works continue to influence halacha and Jewish thought to this day.

Other Notables

Other key figures include:

  • Ramban (Nachmanides): A mystical and philosophical Torah commentator.
  • Tosafot: Groups of medieval scholars who added critical commentary to the Talmud.
  • Malbim, Ibn Ezra, Sforno: Known for their insights into peshat (simple meaning) and deeper symbolism.

Conclusion: Joining the Conversation

Studying Torah with commentaries brings the text to life. Through their words, we join a multigenerational conversation and see how Jewish wisdom continues to guide us today.

What Is the Talmud?

A Central Pillar of Jewish Learning

The Talmud is a vast collection of Jewish law, ethics, and wisdom. It’s made up of two parts: the Mishnah (compiled around 200 CE) and the Gemara (completed around 500 CE). Together, they form the basis of much of halacha (Jewish law).

What’s Inside the Talmud?

The Talmud contains discussions between generations of rabbis on almost every area of Jewish life — from Shabbat laws to business ethics. It often presents debates and differing opinions, encouraging deep thinking and analysis.

Why Is It So Important?

For centuries, Jews have studied the Talmud as a way of connecting to Torah and developing their minds. It teaches how to reason, how to ask questions, and how to find meaning in daily life. Even today, many Jews around the world follow a daily Talmud study schedule known as Daf Yomi.

Getting Started

The Talmud can be challenging to read on your own, especially without background. Many start with translated editions like the ArtScroll or Steinsaltz editions, or attend a beginner’s class at a local synagogue or online.

Conclusion: A Lifelong Journey

Learning the Talmud is not a quick project — it’s a lifelong journey. But even a little exposure can deepen one’s understanding of Judaism and open new doors of insight and connection.

Structure of the Hebrew Bible (Tanach)

What Is the Tanach?

The Hebrew Bible is called the Tanach, an acronym for its three main sections: Torah (Teaching), Nevi’im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings). These 24 books form the foundation of Jewish belief and practice.

Torah (The Five Books of Moses)

The Torah includes Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. It contains the creation of the world, the lives of the forefathers, the Exodus from Egypt, and the giving of the commandments.

Nevi’im (Prophets)

This section covers the history of the Jewish people in the Land of Israel, including books like Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings, as well as prophetic messages from Isaiah, Jeremiah, and others.

Ketuvim (Writings)

This final section includes a range of writings: Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Megillot (like Ruth and Esther), Daniel, Ezra-Nehemiah, and Chronicles. These books include poetry, wisdom, history, and visions of the future.

Conclusion: A Living Text

The Tanach is not just an ancient book — it’s a living text that Jews study daily. Understanding its structure helps one appreciate the depth and beauty of Jewish tradition and thought.

What Is the Torah?

The Torah is the foundation of Jewish life. It includes the Five Books of Moses, given at Sinai, and the Oral Torah — explanations and traditions passed down through generations. Together, they form the blueprint of Jewish law, ethics, history, and belief. The Torah is studied daily, chanted in synagogue, and shapes Jewish practice from Shabbat to social justice. More than a book, it’s a living covenant — our connection to God, our guide for life, and the source of endless wisdom. Learning Torah is how Jews grow, question, and find meaning in every aspect of life.